Pharmacy Technician Math

This page is on Pharmacy Technician Math. To ask or answer a question, scroll down the page to the Question and Answer section.

When you are working in a pharmacy there are some basic math calculations that you will use every day.

It's important to have a solid understanding of these calculations, to ensure that you can accurately translate the amount of medication that is prescribed into a usable form for the patient.

The most common calculation will happen when the amount of medication prescribed does not exactly match an amount in a dosage form.

For example, if a prescription calls for the patient to take 3 grams of medication daily. The only pills you have available are 500 milligram capsules.

To convert the prescribed dosage to milligrams, multiply grams by 1000. This means the prescription calls for 3000 milligrams daily, or six 500 milligram capsules.

The key to being able to do these pharmacy technician math calculations quickly is in being able to understand the important information that is on the prescription.

Information for tablets and capsules lists the amount or dosage of medication per unit, liquid medications are listed in medication per volume of liquid, and injectable solutions are listed as medication per volume injected. Side note: to learn more about the differences between tablets, capsules, liquid medications, and injectable solutions, see Pharmacy Dosage Forms.

The prescription will list a total amount of medication. So just like in the example above, the first step is to convert the amounts of medication to the same unit of measurement.

Milligrams to grams or vice verse will be the most common conversion. And it's easy to remember that 1 gram is equal to 1000 milligrams.

The most common systems of measurement you'll encounter will be Metric, American Standard, and the apothecaries' system.

It can also help to carry a pocket reference guide that has conversion information listed. This will make it easy to ensure you know the correct conversion to use.

It's also important to understand how to work with Fractions and Decimals.

Not every dosage conversion will work out easily with whole numbers, so it's good to be comfortable working with fractions and decimals.

To convert between the two forms, simply use a calculator to divide the top number by the bottom number. Five-eighths for example, you would enter 5 divided by 8. This returns .625, which is the correct decimal form for five-eighths.

Ratios and concentrations will also be an important part of the daily math used in a pharmacy.

For example, if a solution is 20% medication by volume, you need to understand how much medication is delivered in a 50 milliliter injection. In this case, 20% of 50 is 10, so the amount of medication in that dose would be 10 milliliters. Click here for more on IV Infusion Calculations.

The last main use of math in the pharmacy is to calculate days supply. Days supply refers to the number of days the physician wants the patient to take the medication.

A common default is a 30 day supply. This means you need to ensure they have enough individual daily doses to last for 30 days total. If they need to take four tablets every day, then the 30 day supply would be 120 tablets total.

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CONVERSIONS-Glucose 10g from 5% solution in 500ml Normal Saline. How much NS do you need for 10g of Glucose? 
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Solve this 
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Question 
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Please Translate This SIG Into What The Directions On The Label Will Be 
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ratio, stock, stock solution 
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Electrolyte Solution DILUTION/Percentage Strength Question 
you have 200ml of a 30% solution. You dilute the solution to 600ml. What is the percent strength of the final solution?

How many milligrams of sodium chloride are in a 250ml bag of 0.9% NaCl? 
How many mg of sodium chloride are contained in a 250ml bag of 0.9% NaCl?

Pharmacy IV Math Question: Weight/Volume Dextrose in Water to Add to 500cc D10W 
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How much Dextrose 70% do you need to make 1 Liter of Dextrose 50%? 
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How Do I Calculate Days Supply in These Questions? 
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1/3 NS prepared from 23.4% NS: How much mL of NS and SWI? 
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How much Ferrous Sulfate 220mg/5mg equals Ferrous Sulfate 500mg?  
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Volume/Volume Compounding - Solution Alligation Question 
Prepare 480mL of a 1:30 solution using a 1:10 solution and a 1:50 solution. How many mL of each solution is needed?

Amoxicillin Question: 500mg every 8 hours for 7 days as directed 
Rx order: amoxicillin 500mg po q8h for 7days ug ad Supply: amoxicillin 250mg/5ml-100ml bot for 4 bots How many of the mls will the patient receive …

Furosemide 20mg dose- You have 10mg in stock - How many for 20mg dose? 
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Alligation Question: 1.5L of 20% KCL to How Much of a 15% KCL Solution? 
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IV Compounding Question: How Many MLs Will Make Up Each Dose? 
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IV Vancomycin 750mg BID in D5W 250mL. How much to withdraw from vial? 
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Correct Dosage for Protamine Sulfate while on Heparin? 
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Dextrose 70% and Dextrose 5% Compounding ALLIGATION Question 
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How Do I Calculate Pediatric Tetracycline Dosing by Weight? 
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Formaldehyde with Rose 37% & 4% Compound Question 
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How Many Capsules to fill: Cephalexin 1 po tid x14? 
How many capsules will it take to completely fill the following prescription with the given regimen: Cephalexin 1PO tid*14days?

How Much Math Is REALLY used by a Pharmacy Tech? 
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What Ratio of 25% Dextrose and 10% Dextrose to make 20% Dextrose? 
What ratio of 25% Dextrose and 10% Dextrose should be mixed to make a 20% Dextrose solution?

Coumadin 7.5mg: What is the Dosage with Coumadin 5mg Tablets? 
I have an order for Coumadin 7.5 mg po qd and I have a supply of Coumadin 5mg tablets. What is the dosage?? Answer: The dosage is 1 & 1/2 of the …

How to Understand Pharmacy Math Calculations? 
What is a way to really understand math calculations for someone who struggles with it?

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Prepare 15 mL of a 50 mg/mL cefazolin dilution from a stock of 1 g/5 mL. How many milliliters of diluent and stock solution will be needed?

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How many grams of 2% silver nitrate ointment will deliver 1g of the active ingredient?

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What is a Prescription?


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The Metric System


American Standard System


Apothecaries System of Measurement in Pharmacy


Understanding Fractions for Pharmacy Technicians


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Figuring Days Supply on Prescriptions